
In January 2014 the U.S.’s largest aluminium producer, Alcoa, agreed to pay $384 million to resolve charges it failed to prevent the payments of bribes and kickbacks to Bahrain through intermediaries. While the sum pales in comparison to the $1.6 billion Siemens paid in 2008 to settle bribery probes in the U.S. and Germany, the total cost to Alcoa, and all companies and countries found guilty of corruption, extends beyond the court imposed penalties.